![]() In German, the medial capital letter I, called Binnen-I, is sometimes used in a word like StudentInnen ("students") to indicate that both Studenten ("male students") and Studentinnen ("female students") are intended simultaneously. In Italian, pronouns can be suffixed to verbs, and because the honorific form of second-person pronouns is capitalized, this can produce a sentence like non ho trovato il tempo di risponderLe ("I have not found time to answer you" – where Le means "to you"). The use of medial capitals as a convention in the regular spelling of everyday texts is rare, but is used in some languages as a solution to particular problems which arise when two words or segments are combined. The citation above was just the first time I had used the name on USENET." Traditional use in natural language In word combinations I had been calling it CamelCase for years. Love has since said, "With the advent of programming languages having these sorts of constructs, the humpiness of the style made me call it Hump圜ase at first, before I settled on CamelCase. ![]() The earliest use of the name "Camel Case" occurs in 1995, in a post by Newton Love. The earliest known occurrence of the term "InterCaps" on Usenet is in an April 1990 post to the group by Avi Rappoport. WikiWord or WikiCase (especially in older wikis). ![]() PascalCase for upper camel case (after the Pascal programming language).mixedCase for lower camel case in Python.medial capitals, recommended by the Oxford English Dictionary.InterCaps or intercapping (abbreviation of Internal Capitalization ).CapitalizedWords or CapWords for upper camel case in Python.camelBack (or camel-back) notation or CamelCaps.The practice has various names, including: A combination of snake and camel case (identifiers Written_Like_This) is recommended in the Ada 95 style guide. ![]() Camel case is also distinct from snake case, which uses underscores interspersed with lowercase letters (sometimes with the first letter capitalized). Ĭamel case is distinct from title case, which capitalizes all words but retains the spaces between them, and from Tall Man lettering, which uses capitals to emphasize the differences between similar-looking product names such as "predniSONE" and "predniSOLONE". Some people and organizations, notably Microsoft, use the term camel case only for lower camel case, designating Pascal case for the upper camel case. For clarity, this article calls the two alternatives upper camel case (initial uppercase letter, also known as Pascal case or bumpy case) and lower camel case (initial lowercase letter, also known as dromedary case). Some programming styles prefer camel case with the first letter capitalized, others not. It is also sometimes used in online usernames such as "JohnSmith", and to make multi-word domain names more legible, for example in promoting "".Ĭamel case is often used as a naming convention in computer programming, but is an ambiguous definition due to the optional capitalization of the first letter. Common examples include "" YouTube", " iPhone" and " eBay". The format indicates the separation of words with a single capitalized letter, and the first word starting with either case. Camel case is named after the "hump" of its protruding capital letter, similar to the hump of common camels.Ĭamel case (sometimes stylized as camelCase or CamelCase, also known as camel caps or more formally as medial capitals) is the practice of writing phrases without spaces or punctuation.
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